Sanskrit ( संस्कृत ) Words ........................................................ in Indonesian Language (Bahasa Indonesia) Part - 2

Here is the Part - II of my earlier Post   " Sanskrit (संस्कृत) Words in Indonesian Language (Bahasa Indonesia) - Part - 1"

Below TABLE contains -

Column One - Sanskrit Words in Bahasa Indonesia written in Roman Script

Column Two - Sanskrit Words written in Roman Script

Column Three - Sanskrit Words written in Devnagri Script

Column Two - Meaning of these words in English

Indonesian	Sanskrit	Devnagri	Meaning
Istri	Istri	स्त्री	Wife
Suami	Swaami	स्वामी	Husband
Bumi	Bhumi	भूमि	Land
Wanita	Wanitaa	वनिता	Lady
Aksara	Akshar	अक्षर	Word
Asa	Aasha	आशा	Hope
Baca	Vaach	वाच	Speak , Read
Bahasa	Bhaashaa	भाषा	Language
Biji	Beej	बीज़	Seed
Dana	Daan	दान	Donation
Dewa	Dev	देव	God
Dewi	Devi	देवी	Goddess
Desa	Desh	देश	Country
Duka	Dukh	दुख	Sorrows / Sadness
Durgana	Durjan	दुर्जन	Wicked People
Guru	Guru	गुरु	Teacher
Genta	Ghantaa	घंटा	Bell / Hour
Siga	Singh	सिंह	Lion
Gaja	Gaj	गज	Elephant
kaca	Kaanch	काँच	Glass
Kapas	Kapas	कपास	Cotton
Karena	Kaaran	कारण	Reason
Karma	Karm	कर्म	Deeds
Karunia	Karuna	करुणा	Compassion
Kerja	Kaarya	कार्य	Work
Kepala	Kapaal	कपाल	Head
Kosa	Kosh	कोष	Treasury or a place where important collections are kept
Kunci	Kunchi	कुंची	Keys
Sakti	Shakti	शक्ति	Power
Dirghayu	Deergh (long) aayu (Age)	दीर्घ आयु	Long live or Long life
Putri	Putri	पुत्री	Daughter
Mentri	Mantri	मंत्री	Minister
Raja	Raajaa	राजा	King
Manusia	Manushya	मनुष्य	Human being
Jaya	Jai	जय	Victory/Victorious
Pura	Pur	पुर	City/Temple/Place
Raksasa	Raakshas	राक्षस	Giant/Monster
Dharma	Dharm	धर्म	Rule / Regulations
Mantra	Mantra	मंत्र	Words/ Spiritual Prayers
Satria	Shatriya	शत्रिय	Warrior/Brave/Soldier
Wijaya	Vijay	विजय	Greatly victorious / Great victory
Rasa	Ras	रस	Taste
Nama	Naam	नाम	Name
Neraka	Narka	नर्क	Hell
Negeri	Nagri	नगरी	City
Puasa	Upvaas	उपवास	Fast
Rahasia	Rahaisya	रहस्य	Secret
Samudra	Samundra	समुंद्र	Ocean
Yudha	Yudh	युद्ध	War / Battle
Senopati	Senapaati	सेनापति	General, Military Leader
Angka	Ank	अंक	Numerical Figure
Surya	Surya	सूर्य	Sun
Suka	Sukh	सुख	Like , Comforts
Wahana	Vaahan	वाहन	Vehicle
bahu	Baahu	बाहु	Arm
Bicara	Vichara	विचार	Speak , Discussion
Citra	Chitra	चित्र	Image , Picture
Denda	Dand	दंड	Punishment, Fine
Tiga	Teen	तीन	Three
Sastra	Shastra	शास्त्र	Literature
Dua	Do	दो	Two
Bakti	Bhakti	भक्ति	Devotion
Aneka	Anek	अनेक	Multifold
Takhta	Takht	तख्त	Throne
Kitab	Keetab	किताब	Book
Kursi	Kursee	कुर्सी	Chair
Sabar	Sabra	सब्र	Patience
Utara	Uttar	उत्तर	North
Waktu	Waqt	वक़्त	Time
Anggur	Angoor	अंगूर	Grapes
Maaf	Maaf / Maafee	माफ़	Apology , sorry
Hewan	Haivan	हैवान	Like Animal
Bayu	Vaayu	वायु	Wind
Pahlawan	Pahalvaan	पहलवान	Hero / Strong person
Madu	Madhu	मधु	Honey
Loka	Lok	लोक	World , Place , Abode
Muka	Mukkh	मुख	Face
Naga	Naag	नाग	Dragon, Serpent Deities
Sempurna	Sampoorn	सम्पूर्ण	Perfect, Complete
Seteru	Shatru	शत्रु	Enemy
Suara	Svar	स्वर	Sound
Warna	Varn	वर्ण	Colour
Surga	Swarg	स्वर्ग	Heaven
Unta	Ushtra	उष्ट्र	Camel
Serba	Sarv	सर्व	All , Everything , Complete
Wana	Van	वन	Forest
Putera, Putra	Putra	पुत्र	Son
Jala	Jaal	जाल	Net , Casting Net
Kali	Kala	कला , काल	Time

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indonesian_language#Loan_words_of_Sanskrit_origin

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_loanwords_in_Indonesian

Sanskrit ( संस्कृत ) Words ............................................... in Indonesian Language (Bahasa Indonesia) Part - I

Apart from fascinating Culture , the another most striking factor of Indonesia is it's Language (Bahasa Indonesia). I was really amazed to hear similar words from my maid when first time came to Indonesia. Words from Sanskrit Language , the root language of Official Indian language Hindi , are mix with Bahasa Indonesia (भाषा इंडोनेशिया). Some Sanskrit / Hindi words which are still being used in Bahasa Indonesia , are obsolete from spoken Hindi in India .. like for " Wife - Istri स्त्री and Husband - Suami स्वामी ". Lol ..... I too had a hard time to call my Husband Suami (स्वामी ) and my self Wife Istri (स्त्री) where ever ... when ever an introduction of both of us is required as Husband and Wife.

Sanskrit words and sentences are also used in Names, Titles, and Mottoes of the "Indonesian National Police" and "Indonesian Armed Forces" which add a Powerful Meaning to its Titles and Mottoes. Sanskrit words also contribute more subtle meaning to Official and Formal Languages of Indonesia .

I would love to quote Part of a Research Paper "The Competition of Religious Terms in Sanskrit and Arabic" submitted by Nazar Gendut in reference to Sanskrit / Hindi words which are still being used in Indonesian Language despite of its Islamic Majority.

QUOTE

" ..... However, we still can feel the Effects of Sanskrit Language from some of the recipient language, which used to be borrowing from Sanskrit. Indonesian language is one of the evidence that showed the effects of Sanskrit. I can say that Sanskrit had introduced Indonesian people with Religious Concepts. On the transitional period Islam had already came to Indonesia and started spreading through Indonesian Culture, which already was strongly influenced by Hindu Culture.

From the "Hikayat Si Miskin Manuscript", it can be concluded that Islam influences in Indonesia could not totally effect Indonesian language, especially the Religious Concepts of Indonesian people. We can see from the evidence that some Sanskrit words in Religious Terminology still having HIGH durability in Indonesian Language vocabulary.

The interesting point on the data in Islam seems that it could not replace some meaning element, which already had strong roots with Sanskrit. For example, the Sanskrit word Surga (स्वर्ग) ‘Heaven’ and Neraka (नर्क) ‘Hell’, which both derived from Sanskrit are still being widely used by Indonesian speaker until present times. Some of Indonesian people names are mentioning the Hindu’s God names such as Indera इंद्र, Brahma ब्रह्मा, Wisnu विष्णु, Dewa देव, Siva शिव etc.

On the Mythological Category, Indonesian Language had borrowed Bidadari (विद्या धरी) "Angel , a messenger from a deity" and Raksasa (राक्षस) from Sanskrit and Jin from Arabic. Besides that, Indonesian language also borrowed the word Malaikat and Nabi from Arabic. The example of the term for death and life hereafter category is the use of word Surga (स्वर्ग) and Neraka (नर्क) from Sanskrit and Kiamat from Arabic.

In the field of Religious activity, Indonesian language has two different words for ‘pray’, which are Sholat from Arabic and Sembahyang from Javanese and Sanskrit blending. One of the interesting case in Indonesia is Indonesian language had chosen to use Puasa ‘ fast ’ from Sanskrit Upvaas (उपवास) than using Shaum from Arabic. The examples for the last category are the words Moksa (मोक्ष) from Sanskrit and Ikhlas from Arabic. Other words which are derived from Sanskrit is Dosa (दोष) ‘Sin’ and Kurnia (करुणा) ‘Bless’. Moslem in Indonesia are mixed with Hindu Culture. For example, in some area in Java, the people sometimes still pray to the Goddess of the "Sea" and ask for favour to that Goddess instead of Allah.

As I said before some Arabic words may be succeeded in replacing Sanskrit words, such as Sholat and Sujud nevertheless, that did not truly replacing the whole content of the word. The effect of some Arabic words exclusively became PART to Islam Terminology only in Indonesia , not Religious Terminology in General Contexts."

UNQUOTE

Being mixture of Sanskrit / Hindi / Urdu and Arabic words , which are commonly spoken in Modern Hindi day to day life in India , Indonesian Language is quite easy to adapt.

As the Script of Bahasa Indonesia is Roman , letters are written and spoken in a different way unlike Sanskrit which is written in Devnagari देवनागरी Script. Below is an Indonesian Alphabet Table for better understanding.

Alphabet	Pronunciation   in  English	Close Pronunciation in Hindi हिन्दी
A	AA	आ
B	Bay	बे
C	Chey	चे
D	Dey	डे
E	Eay	ए
F	EF	एफ
G	Gey	गे
H	Ha	हा
I	EE	ऐ
J	Jey	जे
K	Ka	का
L	El	एल
M	Em	एम
N	En	एन
O	O	ओ
P	Pey	पे
Q	Ki , KEE	की
R	Er	अर्
S	Es	स
T	Tay	ते, त
U	OO	ऊ
V	Fe , FAY	फे , फ
W	We , Wey	वे
X	EKS	एक्स
Y	Ye , YAY	ये
Z	Zet	जेत

Continued Part - II --- List of some Sanskrit / Hindi Words in Indonesian Language.

http://indonesiaasisee.blogspot.com/2015/01/sanskrit-words-in-indonesian-language.html